Immunizations

This page provides data points and curated searches from OMH’s Knowledge Center library catalog related to immunizations within minority and tribal populations in the United States and its territories. The number of catalog records for each topic reflect the search results at the time of this page’s latest update.

American Indian/Alaska Native

American Indian/Alaska Native adults were 30% less likely to have received the influenza (flu) shot during the 2023–2024 flu season than non-Hispanic white adults.1 American Indian/Alaska Native children born in 2020 were 20% less likely to be fully immunized by age 24 months than non-Hispanic white children.2

For additional data on immunizations and American Indians/Alaska Natives, please visit our Population Profiles.

Asian American

Asian American adults were 30% less likely to have ever received a pneumonia vaccine than non-Hispanic white adults in 2023.3 In 2023, non-Hispanic Asian American adolescents were 10% less likely to have received at least 3 doses of the Hepatitis B vaccine than non-Hispanic white adolescents. They were also 10% more likely to have received at least one dose of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine that non-Hispanic white adolescents.4

For additional data on immunizations and Asian Americans, please visit our Population Profiles.

Black/African American

Non-Hispanic Black or African American adults were 10% less likely to have received the influenza (flu) shot during the 2023–2024 flu season than non-Hispanic white adults.5 Non-Hispanic Black or African American children born in 2020 were 10% less likely to be fully immunized by age 24 months than non-Hispanic white children.6

For additional data on immunizations and Black/African Americans, please visit our Population Profiles.

Hispanic/Latino

In the 2021–2022 influenza (flu) season, Hispanic adults were 30% less likely to have received flu vaccines than non-Hispanic whites.7 Hispanic children ages 19–35 months have comparable immunization rates for hepatitis; influenza; measles, mumps, and rubella; and polio as their non-Hispanic white peers.8

For additional data on immunizations and Hispanic Americans, please visit our Population Profiles.

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander adults were 40% less likely to have ever received a pneumonia vaccine than non-Hispanic white adults in 2023.9 In 2021, non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander adolescents were 50% more likely to have received the recommended doses of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine than non-Hispanic white adolescents.10

NOTE: Specific health data for Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders is often limited, and federal data collection and reporting practices often combine Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander data. Due to this, there is currently no Population Profile for immunizations and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders.

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1 CDC, 2024. Flu Vaccination Coverage, United States, 2023–2024 Influenza Season. Flu Vaccination Coverage by Race/Ethnicity and Age Group, Adults, United States, 2023–24 Season. (Back to footnote)

2 CDC, 2023. Vaccination Coverage by Age 24 Months Among Children Born in 2019 and 2020—National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2020–2022. Supplementary Table 1. (Back to footnote)

3 CDC. National Center for Health Statistics. Interactive Summary Health Statistics for Adults. Percentage of ever receiving a pneumonia (pneumococcal) vaccine for adults aged 18 and over, United States, 2023. (Back to footnote)

4CDC. TeenVaxView Interactive. (Back to footnote) (Back to footnote)

5 CDC, 2024. Flu Vaccination Coverage, United States, 2023–2024 Influenza Season. Flu Vaccination Coverage by Race/Ethnicity and Age Group, Adults, United States, 2023–24 Season. (Back to footnote)

6 CDC, 2023. Vaccination Coverage by Age 24 Months Among Children Born in 2019 and 2020—National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2020–2022. Supplementary Table 1 (Back to footnote)

7 CDC, 2022. Flu Vaccination Coverage, United States, 2021–22 Influenza Season. Figure 7. (Back to footnote)

8 CDC, 2018. Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 19–35 Months — United States, 2017. Supplementary Table 1. (Back to footnote)

9 CDC. National Center for Health Statistics. Interactive Summary Health Statistics for Adults. Percentage of ever receiving a pneumonia (pneumococcal) vaccine for adults aged 18 and over, United States, 2023. (Back to footnote)

10 CDC. National Immunization Survey-Teen. Healthy People 2030. Adolescents receiving recommended doses of the HPV vaccine by Race/Ethnicity, 2018–2021. (Back to footnote)